Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a serious infection that mostly affects the lungs. However, it can also harm other parts of the body. Many people wonder about the causes of Tuberculosis and how to spot its symptoms. In this blog, you will learn what Tuberculosis is, how it spreads, and the signs to watch for. This information is based on trusted sources like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
What is Tuberculosis?
First, Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most often, it attacks the lungs. This type is known as pulmonary Tuberculosis. Yet, TB can also affect the kidneys, spine, or brain. People of all ages can get TB, but it is more common in adults. Although TB is a global health problem, it is treatable and preventable.
For example, some people may have TB bacteria in their bodies but do not feel sick. This is called latent TB. Others may develop active TB, which means they have symptoms and can spread the disease to others. Because TB can be silent or active, it is important to know the signs and causes.
Causes of Tuberculosis
TB is caused by a germ called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This germ spreads from person to person through the air. When someone with active TB coughs, sneezes, or even talks, tiny droplets with the bacteria can enter the air. If you breathe in these droplets, you might get infected. However, not everyone who breathes in the bacteria will get sick right away.
There are several main ways TB spreads:
Additionally, some people are more likely to get TB. For instance, people with weak immune systems, such as those with HIV, are at higher risk. Also, young children and the elderly may be more vulnerable. According to the CDC, TB does not spread by shaking hands, sharing food, or touching surfaces.
Symptoms of Tuberculosis
TB symptoms can be mild at first. Over time, they may get worse. The most common signs of pulmonary Tuberculosis include:
Besides these, people with TB may also notice:
Sometimes, TB can affect other parts of the body. For example, if TB is in the kidneys, it may cause blood in the urine. If it is in the spine, it can cause back pain. Therefore, symptoms may change depending on where the infection is.
It is important to remember that not everyone with TB will have all these symptoms. Some people may feel fine for a long time. Yet, they can still spread the disease if they have active TB. Early detection and treatment are key to stopping the spread.
In summary, Tuberculosis is a serious but treatable disease. Knowing the causes and symptoms can help you protect yourself and others. If you or someone you know has symptoms of TB, do not wait. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice about Tuberculosis.
